• In addition this study also showed

  2021-09-17

  

  In addition, this study also showed no obvious increase in apoptosis but obvious increase in necrosis after WZB117 treatment. The possible reason is that apoptosis is an ATP-utilizing process which is an active and programmed form of cell death. In contrast, necrosis is an uncontrolled or pathologic

• In this study our result

  2021-09-17

  

  In this study, our result suggests that exogenous GR agonist DEX and GR inhibitor RU486 can affect dopaminergic neurotransmitters in the brain. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), an endogenous neuropeptide, can regulate the synthesis and release of catecholamine. McArthur et

• The GABA A receptors containing

  2021-09-17

  

  The GABA-A receptors containing the δ subunit are crucial for the mediation of non-synaptic inhibition in the dentate gyrus; thus, the decreased expression of the δ subunit may suggest a decrease in the inhibitory tone and an increase in the neuronal excitability. Moreover, the GABA-A receptors cont

• br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We would like

  2021-09-17

  

  STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We would like to thank V. Gladyshev (Harvard), H. Kornblum (UCLA), L. Greene (Columbia), and J. Baraban (Johns Hopkins) for constructive comments to the project and manuscript. We thank L. Gross and A. Kumar for assistance with editing. We thank L.M. Gerber and Z.

• To our knowledge the putative role of ET and ETB

  2021-09-17

  

  To our knowledge, the putative role of ET-1 and ETB-R in oligodendroglioma progression was not documented so far. Using primary cultures of grade B oligodendroglial tumor cells, we have here assessed the functionality of ETB-R expression in these tumors. Confocal microscopy analysis confirmed the st

• In human platelets only and isoforms of sGC are

  2021-09-16

  

  In human platelets, only α1 and β1 isoforms of sGC are expressed in equimolar concentrations (3700 copies for β1, and 3500 copies for α1 per platelet) [57] [62]. sGC, is usually a heterodimer and contains heme as cofactor which is required for high-affinity NO binding and stimulation of its activity

• Bioinformatic analysis revealed a putative coiled coil SLD

  2021-09-16

  

  Bioinformatic analysis revealed a putative coiled-coil SLD within CT229 which we show to be essential for intracellular replication and recruitment of Rab GTPases to the inclusion. Mutation of a single amino OSI-420 receptor residue in the SLD domain (CT229L120D) significantly reduced Rab binding an

• Among the GSK inhibitors available

  2021-09-16

  

  Among the GSK-3 inhibitors available in market, lithium is probably the only example and the oldest one. Some molecules, both natural and synthetic, such as maleimide derivatives, staurosporine (from the bacterium Streptomyces storosporeus), indole derivatives such as indirubin (used since long in t

• IL had marked effects on the inflammatory

  2021-09-16

  

  IL-33 had marked effects on the inflammatory response in human adipocytes beyond GPR84, with a substantial stimulation of the expression of a selected group of cytokine and chemokine genes. Expression of IL1B, a co-member of the IL-1 superfamily, was strongly up-regulated by IL-33, as was IL6 and CX

• YC 1 Histamine functions as a key neurotransmitter in multip

  2021-09-16

  

  Histamine functions as a key neurotransmitter in multiple circuits to control various behaviors. In Drosophila photoreceptor, YC 1 is produced de novo by histidine decarboxylase (Burg et al., 1993); meanwhile, maintaining normal histamine content also depends on the histamine recycling pathway (Bory

• Ironically another series of studies examining the role of E

  2021-09-16

  

  Ironically, another series of studies examining the role of EAATs in CNS injury and disease suggest that under some pathological conditions, the operation of the EAATs is not protective, but actually contributes to the excitotoxic process (Rossi et al., 2000). The transporters do so by serving as th

• br Functional organization of postsynaptic glutamate recepto

  2021-09-16

  

  Functional organization of postsynaptic glutamate receptors Downstream effects of glutamate receptor positioning Mechanisms underlying the subsynaptic positioning of glutamate receptors Conclusions and future prospects The molecular organization of synapses is undoubtedly a critical dete

• A main finding of this study

  2021-09-16

  

  A main finding of this study was that the impact of exogenous insulin on hippocampal memory and glucose utilization was GluT4-dependent. Although insulin was administered directly to the hippocampus, it is important to point out that such administration does indeed have physiological relevance; that

• br FXR FGF in the control

  2021-09-15

  

  FXR–FGF15/19 in the control of BAs synthesis The nuclear receptor FXR is the master regulator of BAs homeostasis, modulating their synthesis, ITD 1 mg and uptake [15]. FXR decreases BA de novo hepatic biosynthesis by reducing the expression of CYP7A1. At the canalicular membrane, newly-synthesize

• The results obtained here in int Gr and int Gr

  2021-09-15

  

  The results obtained here in int-Gr+/+ and int-Gr−/− mice suggested that Gr is required to maintain basal level of Fgf15 expression in the ileum, whereas DEX treatment is able to reduce Fgf15 mRNA in a Gr-independent manner. In previous in vitro studies we have already shown that GC are able to affe

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