• In conclusion the present study demonstrated that peripheral

  2022-04-18

  

  In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that peripheral nerve exposure to HIV gp120 increased the expression levels of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs and enhanced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in rat models. Up-regulation of the P2Y12 receptor in DRG SGCs further promoted the release of

• Selective pharmacological inhibition of tonic currents

  2022-04-18

  

  Selective pharmacological inhibition of tonic currents indicated that the effects of gp120 are predominantly mediated by α5-containing GABAARs. The other dominant subtype that contributes to tonic current in the hippocampus, the δ-containing GABAAR, was unaffected by gp120 treatment. Additionally, i

• The precise mechanisms of action of PBA are as

  2022-04-18

  

  The precise mechanisms of action of 4-PBA are as yet ambiguous. Its capacity as a chemical chaperone has been thoroughly documented for the ABC transporter family in particular (Prulière-Escabasse et al., 2007; Iram and Cole, 2014; Gordo-Gilart et al., 2016; Pomozi et al., 2017). 4-PBA has been clas

• This resembles a vicious cycle since

  2022-04-18

  

  This resembles a vicious cycle since BBB disruption and inflammation are thought to be caused by epilepsy, but other contributing factors are also known to be their cause, such as peripheral infection, autoimmunity, orexins trauma and stroke that also underlie epilepsy [18]. Additional triggers tha

• This study was approved by our institutional ethics committe

  2022-04-18

  

  This study was approved by our institutional ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from each participant or legal guardian. We performed whole-genome SNP genotyping in the one unaffected and two affected siblings by using the Illumina Human 610 Genotyping BeadChip panel, which interro

• In summary this study shows that

  2022-04-18

  

  In summary, this study shows that compound 4d has strong clinical potential as an efficient GLP-1/GCGR agonist exhibits weight-lowering, lipid-regulation and diabetes-protective effects and plays an important role in the prevention and therapy of diet induced obesity and dyslipidemia. The present st

• br Discussion br Author Contributions br

  2022-04-18

  

  Discussion Author Contributions Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related, chronically progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting more than 35million people worldwide and an estimated 5.5million in the US. Current marketed drugs such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and the NMDA ant

• Serotonin hydroxytryptamine HT is a monoamine with dual

  2022-04-18

  

  Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a monoamine with dual functions in the developing and matured brain. 5-HT regulates development of the resveratrol as a neurotrophic factor and is involved in emotion and cognition as a neurotransmitter in adulthood (Gaspar et al., 2003; Daubert and Condron,

• Inflammasomes are multimeric protein complexes involved

  2022-04-18

  

  Inflammasomes are multimeric protein complexes involved in the host defense protecting activity against invading pathogens and in physiological aberrations such as cancer and auto-inflammatory, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. Inflammasomes induce the inflammatory process by triggering the

• Bile acids BAs are critical for

  2022-04-18

  

  Bile acids (BAs) are critical for facilitating the Heparin of dietary lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins in the intestines [6], [7]. At physiological levels, BAs function as signaling molecules and activate specific nuclear receptors [farnesoid X receptor (FXR), pregnane X receptor, and vitamin D rec

• In this study we have investigated

  2022-04-18

  

  In this study, we have investigated the expression of FXR and TGR5 in CCA tissues in two independent cohorts of patients and determined their association with tumor clinicopathological parameters. The expression of both BA receptors was also evaluated in CCA human cells and normal human cholangiocyt

• The site of paracetamol action remains controversial Some

  2022-04-18

  

  The site of paracetamol action remains controversial. Some publications are in favor of a central action (Barrière et al., 2013, Dogrul et al., 2012, Mallet et al., 2010, Pickering et al., 2006), while others report a peripheral action (Dani et al., 2007, Ferreira et al., 1978). FAAH is a ubiquitous

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2022-04-18

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The development of HCC is a multistep process involving the accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations that lead to the activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes [20]. Frequent intrahepatic or pulmonary metas

• HIV incidence is often determined by following cohorts of HI

  2022-04-16

  

  HIV incidence is often determined by following cohorts of HIV-uninfected individuals and quantifying the rate of new HIV infections. HIV incidence can also be estimated using a cross-sectional study design, using laboratory assays to identify individuals who are likely to have recent HIV infection.

• br Prostaglandins meet Hippo The prostaglandins

  2022-04-16

  

  Prostaglandins meet Hippo The prostaglandins lie at the crossroads between inflammation, regeneration and tumorigenesis (Figure 3). Prostaglandins are synthesized from archidonic valdecoxib by Cox1 and Cox2 enzymes [40, 41] and in the gut, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) protects against DSS-induced col

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